Field Limitations in EDI

Bekah Tatem

By Bekah Tatem, Content Writer

Last Updated February 27, 2025

3 min read

In this article, learn about:

  • Character limits in EDI fields

  • Restricted characters for SKU and product descriptions

  • Best practices for avoiding special character issues



Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) is a standardized method for exchanging business documents digitally. However, EDI transactions come with specific field limitations regarding character count and special character usage. Understanding these restrictions helps ensure seamless data processing and prevents errors in communication between trading partners.

Related Reading: What is EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)?

Field Character Limitations

Each EDI field has a set character limit that must be followed to maintain data accuracy and compliance. Below are some common character constraints:

  • SKU – 48 character limit

  • SKU description field – 45 character limit

  • SKU length – 8 character limit

  • SKU width – 8 character limit

  • SKU height – 8 character limit

  • SKU weight – 8 character limit

  • Lot code – 12 character limit

Restricted Characters for SKU or Name/Product Description Fields

Certain characters are restricted from use in SKU names or product description fields due to potential conflicts with EDI processing. Make sure to be aware of the following: 

  • Do not use the following characters   * : ; & , . / ? ! ^ % ~ + “

  • Apostrophes – Do not use them at the end of a word; they are acceptable if used within a word.

  • Decimals – Generally acceptable in numeric fields.

  • Underscores (_) and Hyphens (-) – Permitted and often used.

  • Brackets ( ) { } [ ] – Allowed only in text fields but not in dates or mathematical expressions.

Following these restrictions ensures data integrity and prevents errors in EDI document transmissions.

Related Reading: Ultimate Glossary of EDI Terms

Special Characters Limitations

It is best practice to avoid commas, pipes, asterisks, and back or forward slashes. These are often used in EDI as segment or line terminators and can cause issues with mapping. 

As we move away from the use of CSV files towards other EDI translation options, the restrictions on data are diminishing but, for now, avoid using the following: * % ? . * \ | /:

Additionally, avoid using other special characters, such as letters with accents. For example, avoid “ç” or “Ä” or “é”, etc. Other special characters, such as an em dash, should also be avoided.

Simplify Your EDI with SPS Commerce

Managing EDI can be complex, but it doesn't have to be. SPS Commerce is here to streamline your daily operations by handling EDI compliance for you. With SPS Commerce Fulfillment, you can centralize your workflows, scale your business with ease, and reclaim valuable time.

Book a free demo to see how SPS Commerce can take your business to the next level!

Get Connected with SupplierWiki

Did you find this resource helpful? Subscribe to our newsletter for more in-depth guides, expert insights, and practical tools to help you stay ahead in the supply chain game.

Related Resources